Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility (SECUF) Powers New Breakthrough in Nickel-Based High-Temperature Superconductivity

A multi-institute team led by Prof. Zhang Junjie and Prof. Tao Xutang from the State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials at Shandong University, together with Researcher Zeng Qiaoshi from the Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research in Beijing and Researcher Zhou Rui from the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility (SECUF), Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), has achieved a major advance in nickel-based high-temperature superconductors. Two critical material-growth milestones were reached: (1) ambient-pressure growth of a series of bilayer nickel-oxide single crystals, bypassing the need for high-pressure synthesis, and (2) a new record superconducting transition temperature attained through a chemical-stress strategy. Stations A6 and A2 of SECUF played an essential role in the study, the results of which have been published online in Nature.

Source: Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility

IAP Develops China’s Next-Generation Mars General Circulation Model GoMars, Completes First Comprehensive Simulation of Martian Dust Cycle

Scientists at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), CAS, have developed the Mars general circulation model GoMars, filling a long-standing gap in China’s independent modeling capability for the Martian atmosphere. The team carried out a 50-Mars-year dust-cycle simulation (one Mars year ≈ two Earth years) and systematically investigated its variability across multiple time-scales. GoMars reproduces the full life cycle of dust transport in the Martian atmosphere. Future work will incorporate dynamic surface properties closer to observational data, clarify the still-uncertain inter-annual variability of the dust cycle, merge the Martian water cycle to study dust–water interactions, and build an advanced data-assimilation system to support Martian weather forecasting. The findings appear in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences.

Source: Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility

IAP Detects, for the First Time, Large-Scale, Deep-Ocean Compound State Change Driven by Climate Warming

A study led by the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), CAS, in collaboration with overseas researchers, has revealed concurrent large-scale, deep-reaching compound changes in ocean temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH. Using gridded ocean observational data, the team quantified multi-factor compound signals on a global scale and identified key hotspot regions—an advance beyond previous single-factor, regional case studies. These compound oceanic changes pose significant risks to marine ecosystems. The work was supported by EarthLab, and the results have been published online in Nature Climate Change.

Source: Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility

IAP Unveils Generative Super-Ensemble Prediction System GenEPS; Skill Exceeds Leading International Models

A team led by Researcher Chen Xi at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has developed the Generative superEnsemble Prediction System (GenEPS), a plug-and-play ensemble forecasting framework based on a generative diffusion model. GenEPS endows any data-driven deterministic forecast model with ensemble capabilities, effectively addressing uncertainty quantification and extreme-event prediction issues in data-driven weather forecasting. The lightweight multi-model ensemble framework can later incorporate additional members, including traditional numerical models, to further boost performance. The study was technically supported by the Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility (EarthLab), and the findings are reported in npj Climate and Atmospheric Science.

Source: Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility

National Space Science Center Reveals Evolution of Cross-Scale Energy Transfer in Martian Solar-Wind—Magnetosheath Turbulence

A team led by CAS Member Wang Chi from the State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center (NSSC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), in cooperation with international partners, has performed the first statistical analysis of solar-wind turbulence energy cascade rates near Mars using satellite observations. The study characterizes the spatial evolution of the magnetohydrodynamic-scale energy cascade and its relationship to bow-shock parameters, providing the first direct observational evidence that shock-normal angle correlates with enhanced turbulence energy dissipation. The results offer key insights into the ubiquitous shock-solar-wind turbulence interaction in space plasmas and appear in Geophysical Research Letters.

Source: National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences